Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Mirko Schäfer Tiernan Buckley Anke Weidlich 2025-04-08 The data set contains hourly net positions for the German-Luxembourg bidding zone. Four different measures are included (for a discussion see the forthcoming conference proceedings article "Where do Germany's electricity imports come from?", to be presented at the [21st International Conference on the European Energy Market Lisbon, 27-29 May 2025, Portugal](https://eem25.pt/). Hourly values have been retrieved also if original data was a available with higher temporal resolution. All data is in units of MW, time stamps are in UTC format. **Net position**: These are the net positions in the Single Day-Ahead Market Coupling (SDAC), published by ENTSO-E as part of [Implicit allocations - the net positions & congestion income [12.1.E]](https://transparency.entsoe.eu/content/static_content/Static%20content/knowledge%20base/data-views/transmission-domain/Data-view%20Implicit%20Allocations%20-%20Net%20position.html). **Comm. Flows Dayahead**: These are the net positions resulting from summing up all adjacent Scheduled Commercial Exchanges day ahead as published by ENTSO-E in [Scheduled Commercial Exchanges [12.1.F]](https://transparency.entsoe.eu/content/static_content/Static%20content/knowledge%20base/data-views/transmission-domain/Data-view%20Scheduled%20Commercial%20Exchanges%20-%20Day%20Ahead.html). These net positions are different from the previous "Net positions" by including also market interactions with zones not included in the SDAC, in particular Switzerland. **Comm. Flows Total**: These are the net positions resulting from summing up all adjacent Scheduled Commercial Exchanges total as published by ENTSO-E in [Scheduled Commercial Exchanges [12.1.F]](https://transparency.entsoe.eu/content/static_content/Static%20content/knowledge%20base/data-views/transmission-domain/Data-view%20Scheduled%20Commercial%20Exchanges%20-%20Day%20Ahead.html). These net positions are different from the previous Comm. Flows Dayahead by also including transactions in the single intra-day market coupling (SIDC). **Physical Flows**: These are the net positions resulting from summing up all adjacent Cross-Border Physical Flows as published by ENTSO-E in [Physical Flows [12.1.G]](https://transparency.entsoe.eu/content/static_content/Static%20content/knowledge%20base/data-views/transmission-domain/Data-view%20Cross%20Border%20Physical%20Flows.html). CSV https://service.tib.eu/dataset/hourly-net-positions-of-the-german-luxembourg-bidding-zone-2021-2024-data-set 10.71694/7jqn64yt en Creative Commons Attribution electricity markets Hourly net positions of the German-Luxembourg bidding zone 2021-2024 [Data set] dataset