X-ray computed tomography (CT) greyscale data, laminae counts, highly-branched isoprenoid (HBI) diene data, and X-ray fluorescence silicon and titanium peak areas for IODP Hole 318-U1357B

This data publication contains the X-ray computed tomography (CT) greyscale data, manual laminae counts, light laminae sand percent data, highly-branched isoprenoid (HBI) diene data, and XRF silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti) peak areas for IODP sediment core 318-U1357B. IODP sediment core 318-U1357B is ~170 m long and was collected in February 2010 in the Adélie Basin (also known as Dumont d'Urville Trough), offshore Adélie Land, East Antarctica as part of IODP Expedition 318. All data are presented against three different depth scales (csf-a, csf-b, csf-d), and the age model from Ashley et al., 2021 (doi:10.5194/cp-17-1-2021). Descriptions of these depth scales can be found in the associated publication (doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00816-y). These data extend to ~11,380 B.P. X-ray fluorescence Fluorescence scanner data were measured using an AVAATECH XRF core scanner at the JRSO facility, located at the Gulf Coast Repository at Texas A&M University Research Park in December 2010 and April 2011. The XRF data are used to determine the relative amount of terrigenous (Ti) versus opal (diatoms) (Si) material in the core, with the Si/Ti ratio being used as a paleoproductivity proxy. The HBI data were analysed at Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat: Experimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) from 2011-2012. HBI diene data are used to document the relative changes in sea ice conditions offshore Adélie Land. Grain size analyses were conducted at Victoria University of Wellington from 2015-2016. Sand percent data are used to document the relative strength of the Antarctic Coastal Current along the Adélie Land continental shelf. The CT data were acquired using a Toshiba Aquilion TXL CT scanner at the Department of Petroleum Engineering at Texas A&M University in 2016. The greyscale dataset provide a downcore measurement of X-ray attenuation, which changes due to density and other core properties. Combined with the light laminae counts, the greyscale dataset are used to determine the relative frequency of light laminae, which are interpreted to represent phytoplankton bloom events in 318-U1357B.