Impact of elevated levels of CO2 on animal mediated ecosystem function: The modification of sediment nutrient fluxes by burrowing urchins

doi:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.833188

Impact of elevated levels of CO2 on animal mediated ecosystem function: The modification of sediment nutrient fluxes by burrowing urchins

A mesocosm experiment was conducted to quantify the relationships between the presence and body size of two burrowing heart urchins (Brissopsis lyrifera and Echinocardium cordatum) and rates of sediment nutrient flux. Furthermore, the impact of seawater acidification on these relationships was determined during this 40-day exposure experiment. Using carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, seawater was acidified to pHNBS 7.6, 7.2 or 6.8. Control treatments were maintained in natural seawater (pH = 8.0). Under normocapnic conditions, burrowing urchins were seen to reduce the sediment uptake of nitrite or nitrate whilst enhancing the release of silicate and phosphate. In acidified (hypercapnic) treatments, the biological control of biogeochemical cycles by urchins was significantly affected, probably through the combined impacts of high CO2 on nitrifying bacteria, benthic algae and urchin behaviour. This study highlights the importance of considering biological interactions when predicting the consequences of seawater acidification on ecosystem function.

BibTex:

@dataset{Widdicombe_Stephen_and_Beesley_A_and_Berge_J_A_and_Dashfield_S_L_and_McNeill_C_L_and_Needham_H_R_and_Øxnevad_S_2013,
    abstract = {A mesocosm experiment was conducted to quantify the relationships between the presence and body size of two burrowing heart urchins (Brissopsis lyrifera and Echinocardium cordatum) and rates of sediment nutrient flux. Furthermore, the impact of seawater acidification on these relationships was determined during this 40-day exposure experiment. Using carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, seawater was acidified to pHNBS 7.6, 7.2 or 6.8. Control treatments were maintained in natural seawater (pH = 8.0). Under normocapnic conditions, burrowing urchins were seen to reduce the sediment uptake of nitrite or nitrate whilst enhancing the release of silicate and phosphate. In acidified (hypercapnic) treatments, the biological control of biogeochemical cycles by urchins was significantly affected, probably through the combined impacts of high CO2 on nitrifying bacteria, benthic algae and urchin behaviour. This study highlights the importance of considering biological interactions when predicting the consequences of seawater acidification on ecosystem function.},
    author = {Widdicombe, Stephen and Beesley, A and Berge, J A and Dashfield, S L and McNeill, C L and Needham, H R and Øxnevad, S},
    doi = {10.1594/PANGAEA.833188},
    institution = {PANGAEA (Ecology)},
    keyword = {'Animalia', 'Aquaria 20 L', 'Behaviour', 'Benthic animals', 'Benthos', 'Bottles or small containers', 'Brissopsis lyrifera', 'Coast and continental shelf', 'Echinocardium cordatum', 'Echinodermata', 'Laboratory experiment', 'Mortality', 'North Atlantic', 'Single species', 'Survival', 'Temperate'},
    title = {Impact of elevated levels of CO2 on animal mediated ecosystem function: The modification of sediment nutrient fluxes by burrowing urchins},
    url = {https://service.tib.eu/ldmservice/vdataset/png-doi-10-1594-pangaea-833188},
    year = {2013}
}