Color reflectance, benthic foraminifera stable isotope, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and lipid biomarker data from Site M125-73-3

Few studies have focused on past hydroclimatic changes in the tropical coastal regions of eastern South America compared to the core South American Monsoon System (SAMS) domain. We suggest that unlike the core monsoon region, the densely populated coastal zone of eastern Brazil (which is the focus of this study) may not adhere to the typical mechanism of precession has a dominant driver of precipitation changes. This study presents sediment color reflectance, benthic foraminifera stable isotope, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and lipid biomarker data generated from piston core M125-73-3. Core M125‐73‐3 is 1,249 cm long and was retrieved from off the coast of eastern Brazil (14°10.608′S, 38°21.178′W) from a water depth of 2106.9 m in April 2016 during RV METEOR cruise M125. Our multiproxy reconstruction has a temporal span of ~850 kyr and represents the longest continuous record of South American climate variability to date.